Unit 3 Lesson Seventeen -Lesson Twenty
1. 单词和短语
n. pet brandy squirrel branch Amy lake scientist gorilla zebra seal camel bear
v. keep（kept, kept） chase protect waddle toss fear
adj. amazing imaginary fierce open extinct still shy
adv. somewhere still
conj. while
all kinds of make friends with
2. 语法
（1）过去进行时。
（2）祈使句。
3. 语言目标
（1）Slow down!
（2）Danger !
（3）No photos!
（4）Don’t feed the animals!
二. 重点、难点分析
1. family n. 家，家庭，家属
My family are very well. 我全家人都很健康。
辨析：family，house与home
family家，家庭，家里的人，不指住房。
His family is going to move. 他家要搬走了。
house住宅，指居住的房屋。
There is a red house on top of the hill. 山顶上有一所红房子。
home是一个带有感情色彩的词，指同家人共同生活的地方，不一定包含建筑物，强调家里的氛围和环境。
There is no place like home. 没有任何地方可比得上家。
2. was going to cook打算做饭
这是be going to结构的一般过去时，即was／were going to＋v. （原形），表示过
去某时按计划或打算将要干某事。如：
She said she was going to watch TV tonight. 她说她打算今晚看电视。
was／were going to do sth. 常用于宾语从句中或者根据上下文来判定。
3. He was talking to my mum. 他正在跟我妈妈说话。
（1）此句是过去进行时，表示过去某时正在进行或发生着的动作。结构是be的过去式was／were＋v.-ing 形式构成。如：
I was cooking when he came in. 他进来时，我正在做饭。
They were talking at this time yesterday. 昨天这时他们还在说话。
（2）talk vi. 谈话，讲话，演讲
They are talking in Chinese. 他们在用汉语交谈。
What are you talking about?你们在谈论什么?
辨析：say，speak与talk
say意为“讲，说”，强调说的内容，一般作及物动词时，后常跟宾语从句。
Say it in English，please. 请用英语说。
He says that he saw the girl last Monday. 他说他上周一见过这个女孩。
speak强调说话的动作，一般作不及物动词。作及物动词时，其宾语是某种语言。
My father is speaking to Mr. Wu. 我父亲在和吴先生谈话。
He can speak Chinese. 他会说汉语。
talk作“谈话，讲，谈论”解时，是不及物动词。
Tom is talking with his mother. 汤姆正在和他妈妈交谈。
4. watch vt. 看，观看 n.手表
I want to watch the football game. 我想去看足球赛。
This is my watch这是我的手表。
辨析：look，see与watch
look意为“看，瞧”，是不及物动词，强调看的动作，不强调结果。常接at，表示有意识地去看。
Please look at the blackboard. 请看黑板。
see意为“看见，看到”是及物动词，强调看的结果。
I can see some birds in the tree. 我看见树上有一些鸟。
watch意为“注视，观看”，尤其指特别留神、感兴趣地观看活动着的东西或画面。I watch TV every evening. 我每晚都看电视。
5. remember vt. “记得，记住”，后面接名词，代词，宾语从句，不定式（表示事情未做）和动词-ing形式（表示事情已做）。其反义词是forget。
Do you still remember me?你还记得我吗?
I remember she was here for three days last year.
我记得她去年在这儿待了3天。
Please remember to close the door when you leave. 离开时请记住关门。
I remembered meeting you in Beijing. 我记得在北京见过你。
6.That’s why….“那就是为什么……”，that在此作主语指上文所述情况。
why引导一个表语从句。That’s why…可以改为由so引导的并列分句，尽管表达方式不一样，但意义完全一样。
Tigers are dangerous. That’s why they have to stay in cages.
＝Tigers are dangerous，so they have to stay in cages.
老虎很危险，这就是它们必须待在笼子里的原因。
Tigers are dangerous. That’s why they have to stay in cages. Tigers have to stay in cages. That’s because they are dangerous.
老虎必须待在笼中，那是因为它们很危险。
7. get vt. 带来，拿来
Let me go and get the doctor. 我去请医生吧。
辨析：bring，take，carry与get
bring与take具有方向性，bring意为“带来”，是把别处的人或物带到说话的地点来。take意为“带走”，是把说话地点的人或物带往别处。carry意为“提、拿”，不具方向性，有负重的含义。get表示到别处把某人／某物带来，拿来。
You’d better bring your homework to school tomorrow.
明天你最好把作业带到学校来。
Take her some flowers when you go to see her. 你去看她时，给她带些花。
He is carrying a heavy box in his hand. 他手里拎着一个很沉的箱子。
Go and get some hot water，please. 请去弄些热水来。
8. chase vt. “追逐，追赶”，相当于hunt。
Dogs like to chase hares. 狗喜欢追捕野兔。
Look! The cat is chasing the chickens. 看!那只猫在追赶鸡。
9. Slow down!减速!slow v. 慢下来，通常与down，up连用。如：
Your car is going too fast. Please slow down. 你的车跑得太快，请放慢速度。
10. mean vt. “意思是”，表示人的言论或行为的某一标志或词语的意思所指。
What does this word mean?＝What is the meaning of the word?
这个单词是什么意思?
What does“dao”mean?请问“岛”是什么意思?
What do you mean by doing that?你那么做是什么意思?
11. think of“考虑，认为”，相当于think about，后可接名词，动词-ing形式，疑问词或不定式等。
What do you think of／about his idea?你觉得他的主意怎么样?
We’re thinking of／about going to Sydney for holidays.
我们正考虑去悉尼度假。
He is thinking of how to get there early. 他在考虑怎样早点到那儿。
12. ①trip. “旅行，远足”，其同义词是travel或journey，常指短途的游玩。
a weekend trip周末旅行make／take a trip to the seaside到海滨旅行
辨析：travel，journey与trip
travel泛指旅行，游历，尤指长途旅行，是“旅行”最普通的用语，但无路程含义。
journey通常指在陆地上由某一点到另一点的旅行，也指旅行路程，是比较正式的用语。
trip是非正式用语，指短期来回的商业旅行或观光旅行。
He came home after five years of travel abroad.
他到国外旅行了5年后回到家中。
He made a long journey from Beijing to Shenzhen.
他从北京到深圳做了一次长途旅行。
We went to a pleasant trip to the nearest seaside during our holiday.
在假期中我们到最近的海滨做了一次愉快的旅行。
13. buy vt. “买”，其反义词是sell。buy可用于buy sth. for sb. 或buy sb. sth. 两个结构。表示“给某人买某物”。buy sth. from…表示“从……买……”。
My mother’s going to buy me a coat. ＝My mother’s going to buy a coat for me.
我妈妈准备给我买一件外套。
I’m going to buy an old car from Mr. Black我想从布莱克先生那儿买辆旧车。
He wants to buy it for two dollars. 他想以2美元的价格买下它来。
14. feed vt. ＆v. （＝give food to）“喂养，饲养”。其过去式和过去分词是fed。主要有以下用法：
（1）feed sth. to sb. 把某物喂给某人
She fed milk to her baby. 她给宝宝喂了奶。
（2）feed sb. on／with sth. 用某物来喂养某人
She fed the baby on／with milk. 她喂宝宝牛奶。
（3）feed on sth. “以……为食”，feed作不及物动词，此用法只用于动物，表人类“以……为食”用live on.
Tigers feed on meat. 老虎食肉。
Chinese people live on rice. 中国人以大米为主食。
15. be good for…对……有益，be bad for…对……有害
It’s good for you to take a walk after supper. 晚饭后散步对你有益。
Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. 看电视太多对你的眼睛有害。
16. protect…from保护……不受……的侵害
They protect the young trees from the strong wind.
他们保护这些小树免受大风的袭击。
protect保护
It’s our duty to protect the environment. 保护环境是我们的责任。
We should protect children. 我们应该保护儿童。
反义词destroy破坏；毁坏。
Don’t destroy the desks. 不要破坏桌子。
stop from doing “阻止做……”，与keep from doing，prevent from同义。
She stopped the child from watching TV. 她不让孩子看电视。
The rain stopped us from going out. 下雨使我们无法出去。
由于prevent和stop本身有“阻止”的意思，因此在主动语态中介词from
可以省略，但在被动语态中不能省略。keep无“阻止”之意，from不能省略。
17. throw vt. “投，扔”。是普通用语，含有“用力”之意。
Don’t throw stones at my dog. 不要朝我的狗扔石头。
He threw the ball 20 metres. 他把球投出20米。
throw about到处乱扔throw over抛弃
throw out抛出，扔掉throw off脱掉（衣物）
18. still
（1）adj. 静止的，不动的，寂静的，和quiet是同义词。
The sea was calm and still. 海上风平浪静。
What a still evening!好寂静的夜晚!
（2）adv. “仍旧，仍然”。还可以修饰比较级，表示“还要、更”之意。
Will you still be here tomorrow?你明天还来吗?
His brother is still taller. 他哥哥个子还要高。
19. while conj. 当……的时候，和……同时
I was watching TV while my mother was washing clothes at eight last night.
昨晚八点我妈洗衣服时我在看电视。
辨析：while，when与as
三者都有“当……的时候”之意，while表示一段较长的时间或一个过程，强调主句的动词和从句的动词所表示的动作或状态是同时发生的。when既可以指较短的时间（即某一具体时间），也可以指一段时间，主句和从句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生。as与以上两词同义，常可与when或while通用，但它着重指主句和从句的动作同时发生，不是一前一后。因此，常做“一面……一面……”解。
Please keep quiet while others are studying. 别人学习时，请保持安静。
I’ll go home when I have finished my job. 我完成了工作再回家。
As we walked，we talked. 我们边走边谈。
20. toss vt. “投，掷，抛”，和throw同义。toss sb. sth. ：toss sth. to sb. 把某物扔给某人。
He tosses a ball to me. 他把球扔给我。
He tossed a cake to the poor child. —He tossed the poor child a cake.
他丢给那个穷孩子一个蛋糕。
21. so adv. “这么，那么，那样”，用来表示程度。
Don’t speak so fast. 别说得那么快。
22. extinct adj. “绝种的，灭绝的，熄灭了的（指火、希望等）”。其名词是extinction。
an extinct volcano死火山 an extinct animal已灭绝的动物
go extinct灭绝
Many animals are going extinct. 许多动物濒临灭绝。
Your daughter is so pretty. 你的女儿真漂亮。
辨析：so与such
so修饰形容词或副词，such修饰名词。但在下列情况下，“so＋形容词”可修饰名词：
（1）修饰单数名词
such a nice girl＝so nice a girl如此漂亮的女孩
（2）“many＋复数名词”“much＋不可数名词”之前用so
such a lot of people＝so many people这么多人
23. make friends with sb. 和某人交朋友
Tom wants to make friends with animals. 汤姆想和动物交朋友。
make vt. 获得，挣得，赢得
make money赚钱make a living谋生
make a fire生火make tea沏茶make from用……制成
make into把……制成be made up of由……组成
（1）make＋宾语＋动词原形，使（让）……干……
Don’t make him do much work. 不要让他干那么多活。
（2）make＋宾语＋形容词，使……
Small cages made it easy for people to see animals.
小笼子让人们方便看动物。
24. try to do sth. 试图干某事
He is trying to draw a horse. 他正试图画一匹马。
（1）try on
I must try my best to learn English well. 我必须竭尽全力学好英语。
（2）have a try试一试。
Let me have a try how to use it. 让我试试如何用它。
（3）try out试验。
He is always trying out his new ideas. 他总是试验他的新想法。
（4）try on试穿。
Can I try it on?我可以试穿一下吗?
25. shy adj. “害羞的，怕生的，胆小的（一般指动物）”。其副词是shyly，shy可以用来作定语或表语。
She is a very shy person. 她是一个非常腼腆的人。
Some animals are shy. 一些动物很胆小。
26. have to属情态动词，第三人称单数是has to，其后加动词原形。
have／has to的各种句式转换要借助于助动词do／does完成。
We have to help him out. 我们必须帮助他摆脱困境。
辨析：must与have to
must着重强调主观的看法，认为有义务、有必要去做，只用于一般现在时态。无人称和数的变化，其否定式意为“绝不可，禁止”。
You must work hard at your lessons. 你应该努力学习功课。
You mustn’t talk like that. 你不能那样说话。
have to着重于表示客观需要，含有“不得不”的意味，有时态变化。
have to的否定式是“不必”的意思。
I have to go home to do my work. 我得回家干活。
We don’t have to buy a new book. 我们不必买本新书。
27. run away跑开，逃跑
The monkey dropped our basket and ran away. 猴子扔下我们的篮子跑了。
【模拟试题】（答题时间：30分钟）
I. 单项填空
（ ）1. What about _______skating after school?
A. go B. going C. to go D. goes
（ ）2. I often play ________my little brother in my bedroom.
A. with B. to C. at D. on
（ ）3. The story is very _________.
A. more interesting B. interesting
C. interested D. more interested
（ ）4. My teacher might ________unhappy if I’m late for class.
A. be B. am C. is D. are
（ ）5. The flowers in the garden need_________.
A. water B. watering C. to water D. watered
（ ）6. On
A. be B. is C. are D. am
（ ）7. I to see him three days ago.
A. go B. goes C. went D. gone
（ ）8. Yunnan is famous ______its tea.
A. as B. to C. for D. at
（ ）9. If it ______tomorrow，I won’t go to Dalian.
A. rain B. rained C. raining D. rains
（ ）10. They speak German. They must be_____.
A. German B. Germany C. Germen D. Germans
II. 用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. I have a bird________（name）Polly.
2. Remember__________（close）the window when you leave.
3. Stop_________（talk）. My mother is sleeping.
4. What’s the__________（mean）of the word?
5. We’re thinking of________（go）to Hainan Island for the Spring Festival.
6. He wants to make_________（friend）with ducks.
7. He was drawing a picture while I_________（watch）TV.
8. The scenery out of the window is so_________（beautifully）.
9. The girl is very________（shyly）.
10. We have to _______（do）our homework.
III. 情景对话
A：____1____ are you from?
B：Can you guess?
A：OK. Well，you’re from Liaoning，___2___ you?
B：Yes. ___3___ did you guess?
A：The___4___ you speak. You came here___5___ a bad time ___6___ the year. I’m afraid.
B：___7___do you say so?
A：___8___ it’s summer now. The weather in Shanghai is very hot now.
B：Yes，it is very different ___9___Liaoning ___10___this time of the year.
IV. 完形填空。
Let me tell you _1____ interesting story .After I ___2___a small village called Farmland of France, I drove on to __3___village.On the way___4___ it, a young man asked for a lift（请求帮忙）. When he got into _5__, I __6__good morning to him in French and he answered in __7___language . I knew __8__French words so we didn’t speak after that. When we _9___the village , the young man asked very slowly, “Do you speaking English?” I knew at on
1. A. a B. an C. the D. \
2. A. moved B. left C. live in D. drove
3. A. the B. that C. the next D. an
4. A. for B. from C. of D. to
5. A. my car B. farmland C. the train D. the village
6. A. told B. spoke C. said D. talked
7. A. a different B. the different C. a same D. the same
8. A. a lot of B. few C. a little D. many
9. A. arrived B. got C. reached D. arrived in
10. A. also B. too C. either D. \
【试题答案】
I. 1. B what about后跟名词，代词或动词-ing形式。
2. A play with意为“和……一起玩耍”。
3. B very只能修饰形容词原级。
4. A might为情态动词，后跟动词原形。
5. B need后跟动名词，表示被动意义，即花被浇水。
6. B on
7. C three days ago为过去的时间，动词用过去时态。
8. C be famous for为固定短语。
9. D if条件句用一般现在时表将来。
10. D German。意为“德国人的，德语的”。作名词讲时意为“德国人，德语”，其复数是Germans。
II. 1. named 2. to close 3. talking 4. meaning 5. going 6. friends
7. was watching 8. beautiful 9. shy 10. do
III. 1. Where 2. aren’t 3. How 4. way 5. at 6. of 7. Why 8. Because
9. from 10. at
IV. 1. B 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. B
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