Module 5 A Trip Along the Three Gorges
Module 6 Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural World
复习回顾必修4 5&6模块的基础知识， 使学生熟练掌握两模块中的词汇， 短语和语法知识， 并能将知识系统化。
二. 知识点梳理：
Key words
surround vt.，trade vi.，narrow vi.，distant ad j．，exploit vt.，forbid v．，stick vi.，steep ad j．，attack vt.，frightening adj．，exist vi.，mysterious ad j．，claim vt.，cover vt.，adapt vi.，disappear vi.，extinct adj．，evolve vi.，indicate vt.，fortune n.，support vt.
Useful phrases
at the edge of在……的边缘
at least至少
go through穿过
be heavy with有大量的……
get off下车……
in the distance远处的
on
die out灭绝
throw light on帮助弄清楚；阐明某事
according to根据……
due to由于，因……造成
be afraid of害怕，担心
cover an area of占地……
far away遥远的
plenty of许多、大量的……
Imp
1. be＋to do
2. have... off
3. as引导时间状语从句
4. so和such的用法
5.地点位于句首的倒装句
6. It’s＋adj.＋to do
7. “疑问词＋- ever”结构的用法
8. seem＋to do
9. 感官动词跟复合宾语
Grammar and usage
1. 情态动词的用法
2.“情态动词＋have done”表推测
［要点归纳］
一、重点词汇
1. surround vt.围，围绕，圈住，包围，围困
例句：The police surrounded the house.
警察包围了这幢房子。
A wall surrounds the garden.
一座墙围绕着花园。
【相关链接】
（1） surrounding n.环境；周围的事物adj.周围的；附近的
surroundings n.环境；周围的事物；周围的情况
（2） be surrounded with [by]被……环绕着，周围都是……
surround on
2. narrow vi.变窄；收缩；减少vt.使变窄；限制；缩小（范围等）（down）。
例句：The river narrows at this point.
河面到了这儿变得很狭窄。
The scholar narrowed his interest to Tang poetry.
这位学者的兴趣局限于唐诗。
【相关链接】
narrow adj. （1）狭的，狭窄的 （2） 范围狭小的 （3） 心胸狭窄的
narrowly adv.（1）狭窄地（2）勉强地
【真题链接】
The performer was waving his stick in the street and it _______ missed the child standing nearby. （2006上海春季）
A. narrowly B. nearly C. hardly D. closely
【解析】答案为A本题有些难度。miss本身是没打中的意思。既然是没打中，那么就不能选择C和D。因为C就成了双重否定了，D是打中了才能用。那么看B,是“几乎”的意思，本题并不是说几乎没打中而是说差点打中了。所以选择A,表示“险些”的意思。
3. distant adj .远的，关系远的（亲戚），疏远的，间隔的，冷漠的。
例句：The foreign visitors came from a distant country.
外国游客来自一个遥远的国度。
Instead of stopping to speak，she passed by with on
她没有停下来谈话，只是冷冷地点了一下头走了过去。
【相关链接】
distance n.距离
be distant towards sb. 对某人冷淡
4. forbid v.“禁止，不许；阻止，妨碍”（forbad, forbidden）。
例句：Their father forbade them to go.
他们的父亲禁止他们去。
The typhoon forbade sea voyages.
台风来了，无法航海。
【相关链接】
forbidden adj.被禁止的，禁止的
5. stick vt.
（1）“刺；戳；刺死”，后面接名词，且与介词into连用；
（2）“放置；插牢；钉住”，后面接名词，且与表示地点的介词短语连用；
（3）“忍受；容忍”，后面接名词或代词，常用于否定句；
（4）“张贴；粘贴”，后面接名词；
（5）“放入，塞入”，后面接名词，且与表示地点的介词短语连用，常用于口语中。
vi.
（1）“粘住；贴住；钉住”，常用于否定句，与together连用时，用于肯定句；
（2）“卡住；陷住；困住”，常与介词in连用；
（3）“坚持；停留”，与介词to/with连用，后面接名词、代词或宾语从句；
（4）“坚持做；被困住”，与介词at连用；
（5）“固着；粘贴”，与介词to连用。
例句：You’d better stick the book back on its shelf.
你最好把书放回书架。
We never stick him.
我们从来不容忍他。
Two pages of the book stuck together.
这本书有两页粘在一起。
He sticks to what he said yesterday.
他仍然坚持他昨天说的话。
The stamp didn’t stick to the envelope.
邮票没有在信封上粘牢。
【真题链接】
Suddenly I regained hope. I decided to __________ track next year. （NMET 2004天津卷完形）
A. hold on B. turn to C. begin with D. stick with
【解析】答案为D。作者决定明年还要（stick with）参加田径比赛。hold on把持住，继续，不挂断，停止;turn to转向，求助于，致力于，开始行动begin with首先，用……开头；stick with与……固定在一起，坚持做（某事）。
6. attack vt. 进攻，袭击；抨击，责难；（努力地）着手干；
（狼吞虎咽地）开始吃；侵袭，侵害。
例句：The enemy attacked our airport all night.
敌人彻夜都在攻击我们的机场。
He tried to attack the problem from different angles.
他试着从各个角度来着手解决这个问题。
【相关链接】
attack n. 攻击（＋on/against ）；抨击（＋on）；（疾病的）发作（+ of）
【真题链接】
After he became conscious，he remembered ________ and _________ on the head with a rod.（2006江西卷）
A. to attack；hit B. to be attacked；to be hit
C. attacking；be hit D. having been attacked；hit
【解析】答案为D句意：他清醒后想起他曾被袭击，被一根棍棒击中了头部。首先动词remember后只能跟动名词作宾语，排除A,B项。再据大意：被袭击应发生在想起、记起这件事情之前，故应用动名词的完成式，表示动作发生在先，答案D
7. claim vt.（根据权利）要求，认领，声称，主张，需要
例句：Fishermen and sailors sometimes claim to have seen monsters in the sea.
渔夫和水手有时声称看到过海里的妖怪。
【相关链接】
（1） claim n.（根据权利提出）要求，要求权，主张，要求而得到的东西。
（2） claim back要求收回
have a claim on 有对……要求权
have many claims on对……有许多要求
have no claim on/to没有对……要求的权利；无资格得到
lay claim to表示自己有权利去获得，提出主权要求，认领（某物）
make a claim for对（赔偿等）提出要求……
make a claim to认为……是属于自己的
8. cover v.（1） 掩盖，遮蔽（2）占地（3）走完，旅行
（4） 够付……的钱 （5） 采访 （6）涉及
例句：The noise was so loud that he covered his ears with his hands.
声音大得使他用手捂住耳朵。
I was born in a small town covering an area of 50 square kilometers.
我出生于一个占地50平方公里的小城。
His lecture covered every field of teaching.
他的讲座涉及到教学的各个领域。
【相关链接】
cover for代替，顶替
cover up盖起来，盖住
be covered with被……所遮盖
【真题链接】
The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket _________ the desert. （2006湖南卷）
A. covering B. covered C. cover D. to cover
【解析】答案为A本题主要考查非谓语动词现在分词作定语的用法。a soft orange blanket与cover存在主谓关系，相当于which/that covered而不定式作定语一般表示将要发生的动作，答案D误选率较高。
9. adapt vt.使适应，使适合（＋to）；改编，改写＋for；改建，改造（＋for）
vi．适应（＋to），指“修改或改变以适应新条件”
例句：He tried hard to adapt himself to the new conditions.
他努力使自己适应新的情况。
He has not yet adapted to the climate.
他还没适应这种气候。
【相关链接】
adapt for使适合于；为……改编，改写
adapt from根据……改写，改编
adapt on
adapt sth. to使某事物适应或适合
10. indicate vt.指示；指出；表明；象征；暗示
例句：The light above the elevator indicated that the elevator was then at the fifteenth floor.
电梯上方的灯指示那时电梯在15楼。
His hesitation indicates unwillingness.
他的犹豫表明不愿意。
【相关链接】
indication n.指示；指点；征兆；迹象；暗示
11. fortune n.（1）财产，财富；巨款（2）运气、好运
（3）成功（4）命运
例句：He did not deserve such fortune.
他不配得到这种好运气。
No matter what they tried，it ended in fortune.
无论他们是怎么做的，最后都成功了。
She told my fortune by reading my palm.
她靠看手相给我算命。
【相关链接】
fortunate adj.幸运的、幸福的
fortunately adv.幸运地
fortuneless adj.不幸的、无财产的
unfortunate adj.不幸的，倒霉的
a small fortune一大笔钱
make a fortune发迹，致富，发财
seek on
【真题链接】
He made a __________ decision when he went into advertising.
A. lucky B. fortunate C. fragile D. fortune
【解析】答案为B。句意：“作出了一个交上好运的抉择。fortunate幸运的，多指由于某种有利的境遇，使人得到未曾预料到的成功或好的机遇；lucky更加强调意外或偶然原因而得到成功，本句并非强调很强的偶然性或意外性。
12. support vt. （1）支持，拥护 （2） 供养，资助
（3） 支撑，托住（4） 支持，有利于，忍受
例句：I think it’s imp
我以为支持本地企业是很重要的。
The results support my original idea.
结果有利于我原先的主张。
【相关链接】
in support of为了支持……，为了拥护……
give/offer/provide support to sb.支持某人
active support积极支持
support family养家
【真题链接】
The proposal ___________ by a large majority of the teachers．
A. was supported B. was for
C. was in favor of D. supported
【解析】答案为A。句意：提案得到了大多数老师的支持。support支持，拥护。
二、重点词组
1. at the edge of在……的边缘
例句：They lived in a house at the edge of a forest.
他们住在森林边缘的一所房子里。
【相关链接】
on the edge of在边缘上；快要，眼看
have no edge不锐利，钝
2. at（the）least至少
例句：He smoked at least half a packet of cigarettes a day.
他每天至少抽半包烟。
At least 30，000 houses will be built for the workers.
至少要为工人盖三万套房子。
【相关链接】
in the least丝毫
not the least一点也没有
least of all最不（应该），尤其不
not in the least一点也不
to say the least of it至少可以如此说
【真题链接】
—Are you pleased with what he has done?
—____________．It couldn’t be any worse.
A. Not in the least B. Yes，very much
C. It’s nothing，though D. Hard to tell
【解析】答案为A 由后句“It couldn’t be any worse”可知，应用否定,not in the least意思是“绝
不，一点也不”。
3. go through （1） 遭受，经受（2）仔细检查（3）通过，批准
（4） 浏览，翻阅 （5） 讨论 （6） 举行
例句：The countries have gone through too many wars.
这些国家饱经战火。
The plan must go through several stages.
这项计划必须经过几个阶段才能通过。
He formed the habit of going through morning papers after getting up．
他养成了起床后翻阅晨报的习惯。
【相关链接】
go about着手干；做；四处走动
go after追逐；追求
go against违背；不利于
go ahead先走；取得进展
go along进行；继续；同意；合作
go at扑向；努力从事于
go back回去；追溯
go by经过；（时间）过去；错过（机会等）；依照；凭……判断
go down落下；下降；减弱；被记载
go for抨击；对……适用；想得到
go in for参加；喜欢
go into从事；调查；进入……状态
go on继续下去；（时间）过去；发生
go out外出；熄灭；过时；过完
go over受欢迎；察看；重温
go up上升；被建造起来；被焚毁
go with伴随；与……相配；与……约会；顺从……的趋势
go without在缺少…的情况下勉强对付过去；没有也行
【真题链接】
—The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.
—Oh，dear！She __________ a lot of difficulties！（2005年江苏）
A. may go through
B. might go through
C. ought to have gone through
D. must have gone through
【解析】答案为D此句是对已经发生的事情的肯定猜测，故排除A,B。根据句意，排除C。故答案为D
4. in the distance远处的，在远处（=far away）介词用in，distance前有the.
例句：We saw a light in the distance.
我们看到远处有灯光。
【相关链接】
（1）辨析：at the distance“在一定距离的地方”，或比喻意义“亲近”，介词用at, distance前有a或some，a certain等修饰。
例句：The picture looks better at a distance.
这画稍远些更好看。
（2） keep on
keep a safe distance保持适当距离
keep sb. at a respectful distance对某人敬而远之
keep sb. at a distance = treat sb. coldly与某人保持一定距离；冷淡某人
5. get off下（车，船）
例句：Don’t get off the bus until it completely stops．
公共汽车停稳之前不要下车。
【相关链接】
get along with相处
get away离开，逃离
get back回来，后退
get down下来，取下
get down to认真工作
get rid of除掉
get out of摆脱
get over爬过，越过，克服困难，痊愈
get through穿越（马路），通过
get together相聚，聚集
get up起床，起立
【真题链接】
—The boss said we had on
—Don’t worry．We have already ________ two thirds of it.（NMET 2006四川卷）
A. got down B. got through
C. given in D. given away
解析：答案为B get through这里表“做完，完成”；get down“下来，取下”；give in“屈服，让步”；give away“赠送、捐赠、泄露”。
There were a lot of people standing at the door and small girl couldn’t get _______．（2006）
A. between B. through C. across D. beyond
【解析】答案为B考查固定短语。句意：站在门口的人太多，小女孩过不去。get through这里表“穿过，通过”之意。
6. die out （1）（动植物，物种）灭绝（2）（风俗习惯等）消失，绝迹
例句：This kind of bird is dying out.
这种鸟快要灭绝了。
【相关链接】
die down （火，兴奋）渐弱，渐息
die away（声音、光线、风等）逐渐平息
die of死于，因……而死
die off（民族，种族）相继死亡，（草木）先后枯死
be dying for渴望，很想要
【真题链接】
Although the wind has _________，the rain remains steady. So you still need a raincoat．（NMET 2006湖北卷）
A. turned up B. gone back
C. died down D. blown out
【解析】答案为C本题考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管风渐息了，但雨仍在下。所以你还是需要一件雨衣。die down“渐弱，渐息”。
7. due to因为，由于
例句：Her absence was due to the storm.
由于风雨交加她没来。
【相关链接】
辨析：because of，due to，owing to与thanks to
because of用在句首或句子后面，表示原因。
例句：Because of the heavy rain，the sports meet has been put off.
因为大雨，运动会已推迟。
owing to由于；因为
例句：I couldn’t attend the meeting owing to illness.
我因病不能出席会议。
owing to与due to的用法基本相同，但与because of的用法有些差别。一般说来,owing to只引导一个修饰全句的状语，而后because of引导的状语又可修饰句子中的一部分。
例句：You mustn’t punish the child because of such a small mistake.
你千万不要因为这样一个小错误而惩罚孩子。
thanks to由于，因为；幸亏，多亏，常位于句首，表感谢或讽刺意味。
例句：Thanks to your help, we finished the work ahead of time.
多亏你的帮助，我们提前完成了任务。
8. be afraid of害怕，担心
例句：Don’t be afraid of snakes.
别怕蛇。
He is afraid of his own shadow.
他（提心吊胆）连自己的影子都害怕。
【相关链接】
辨析：be afraid to do与be afraid of doing
be afraid to do不敢做……；
be afraid of doing 担心做……（可能发生，也可能不发生）。
例句：He failed in the exam. He was afraid to go home for he was afraid of being beaten by his father.
他考试不及格。不敢回家，担心被父亲打（他父亲可能打他，也有可能不打他）。
【真题链接】
He was afraid __________ the tree and he was afraid _______ from the tree.
A. to climb；of falling B. to climb；to fall
C. of climbing；to fall D of climbing；of falling
【解析】答案为A本题的意思是“她不敢爬树，她怕从树上掉下来。”综上所述。所以选A项。
三、重点句型
1. He and a colleague were to spend two years there teaching English at a teacher-training college.
be＋to do
be to do...表示按计划要发生的事或征求对方意见；
be about to do sth….表示即将要发生的动作。
例句：Are we to go on with this work?
我们要继续这份工作吗？
He was just about to give up，and spend the rest of the night on the back seat of the car，when he had a bright idea．
正当他打算放弃，并准备在汽车的后座上躺到天亮时，突然有了一个聪明的主意。
【真题链接】
In such dry weather，the flowers will have to be watered if they ___________．（NMET上海）
A. have survived B. are to survive
C. would survive D. will survive
【解析】答案为B在条件状语从句中，谓语动词不能用一般将来时，但可以用be to do sth.虽然be to do sth.表示将要发生的事，但是，动词be是系动词，to do sth. 是表语，所以，are to survive是一般现在时，而不是一般将来时。这句话的意思是“在如此干燥的天气里，如果要让花存活，必须给它们浇水。”
2. The first semester finished at the end of January and they had four weeks off for the Spring Festival.
have... off请……的假
例句：Tomorrow is National Day, and we’ll have seven days off.
明天是国庆节，我们有7天的假期。
I’m tired，so I want to have on
我累极了，想请一年的假，可我又不能。
【相关链接】
（1）表达“请假”还有其他方式。
例如：ask for a leave for...
例句：I want to ask for three days’ leave to go back home.
（2）表示“休假”的其他方式：
be on leave；be on holiday/ vacation；have/take a holiday/ vacation。
3. The sun was shining brightly as we sailed downstream through a hilly region.
as引导时间状语从句。
when, while, as三个词都表“当……时候”时，如果主句表示的是短暂动作，从句的动作是延续的，三者可以通用。
例句：When/While/As we were playing happily，our mother came back.
我们正玩得高兴时，妈妈回来了。
但三者也有区别：
（1） when既可表时间点也可表时间段，即从句中的谓语动词可以是瞬间动词（不能与while互换），也可以是延续性动词（一般可以与while互换）。
例句：When I arrived at the airport，I found the plane had taken off.（瞬间）
当我到达机场时，发现飞机已经起飞了。
When you watch TV，you should keep a certain distance to protect your eyes.（延续）
当你看电视的时候，你应该保持一定的距离以保护你的视力。
（2） while只能表时间段，即从句中的谓语动词只能是延续性动词，表示动作或状态的持续，而且经常是用进行时。
例句：We must keep silent while others are studying.
当其他人学习时，我们必须保持安静。
（3 ）as强调伴随，即从句动作是伴随着主句动作同时发生的一个次要动作，翻译成汉语往往是“一边……一边……”。
例句：The class took notes of what the professor taught as they listened to him attentively.
同学们一边记笔记一边专心听教授讲课。
4. On a distant mountain was a sign in 20-foot characters.
因为on a distant mountain是表示地点的词语放在句首，所以句子需要倒装，真正的语序是A sign in 20-foot characters was on a distant mountain.
具体倒装形式为：
（1）地点副词here, there; 方位副词out, in, up, down及时间副词now, then等置于句首，以示强调时，主句要倒装。
例句：Here comes a stranger.
来了一位陌生人。
注意：当主语为代词时，主谓语序不变。
如：Here he comes.他来了。
（2）当表示地点的介词短语放句首时，注意：谓语多为be, lie, sit, stand, come, walk等不及物动词，主句用全部倒装。
例句：Into the office came three ladies.
三位女士来到了办公室。
【真题链接】
The old couple have been married for 40 years and never _____________ on
A. they had quarreled
B. they have quarreled
C. have they quarreled
D. had they quarreled
【解析】答案为C。本题考查考生对倒装在特定语境中的掌握情况。以否定副词引起的句子，常用部分倒装语序。依据前半句时态的提示，后半句应用现在完成时。
5. …, which seemed to be black in color, …
seem＋to do
seem表示说话人主观的判断或表示主语可能的情况。其常用结构如下：
（1） seem＋名词／形容词。
例句：This seemed to us an ideal plan.
我们感到这是个完美的计划。
Everything seems easy.
一切似乎很容易。
（2）seem＋不定式。
例句：I seem to have caught a cold.
我好像是感冒了。
（3）seem＋过去分词。
例句：Our teacher seemed stopped by the question.
我们的老师似乎是被那个问题难住了。
His story seemed revealed.
他的谎言似乎已被揭露。
（4）seem＋doing。
例句：No on
似乎没人那样想。
She seemed lacking in enthusiasm when we were talking about that film.
我们谈论那部电影时，她看来好像没多大热情。
（5） seem＋like＋n. /v-ing,意思是“看起来像……”
例句：It seems like years since I last saw you.
自从我上次见到你以后，好像是过了好几年。
Those cards seemed like so many little flags dotted about the schoolroom.
那些卡片好像许多面小旗点缀着教室。
（6）There seems to be...，意为“似乎有；好像有”
例句：There seems to be no work for you to do now.
看来现在没有工作需要你做了。
（7）It seems/ seemed＋that从句。
例句：It seems that he is lying.
看来他在撒谎。
It seemed that no on
看来没有人知道发生了什么事。
（8）It seems/seemed＋as if从句。
例句：It seems as if he were in a dream.
看来他像是在做梦。
It seemed as if the good man were trying to teach us all he knew at this last lesson.
这个好心人仿佛要在最后这一堂课上把他的全部知识教给我们。
6. The soldiers，who were walking along the side of the lake，watched the creature swimming for about two minutes.
感官动词＋复合宾语。
“感官动词＋宾语＋宾补”的用法：
感官动词listen to, hear, see, notice, feel, observe, watch等后面的宾补形式若强调全过程，作宾补的动词应使用省to的动词不定式；若强调动作正在进行，用v-ing形式；若强调动作是被动的，就用v-ed形式。
例句：I often hear him sing the popular song.
我经常听到他唱流行歌曲。
He has been waiting here for two hours，but didn’t see any bus pass by.
他已经在这儿等了两个小时了，可没见到有公共汽车通过。
【相关链接】
宾补省的动词口诀：
宾补省“to”共十一个，一觉二听三个让，四个看要记清楚，帮助可有也可无。如果主动变被动，符号“to”要紧带住。（feel, hear, listen to, have, let, make, notice，look at，see，watch，help）
【真题链接】
The missing boys were last seen _________ near the river.
A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play
【解析】答案选A感官动词see后宾补用动词原形，表示习惯性、经常性或动作的全过程；也可用现在分词表示当时正在发生的事。此句意思是“失踪的孩子最后一次被看到时正在河边玩”，应用现在分词作主语补足语。
四、重点语法
（一）情态动词的用法
情态动词是历届高考必考的语法项目。情态动词有can（could），may（might），must，have to，shall（should），will（would），need，dare（dared），ought to之分，其特点总的来说无人称和数的变化，不能单独使用，必须和后面的动词原形合用而构成谓语。对于情态动词的运用，特别要掌握在什么样的语言环境里使用什么样的情态动词，仔细地体会上下文和语言环境，只有这样才能做到正确地选择使用。在英语各类情态动词测试中，它主要体现在单项填空题中，通过近几年的高考试题可以看出，对其考查主要体现在以下四个方面：
1. 对情态动词基本含义及其用法的考查：
这种形式的考查往往是根据词义和句义来进行对情态动词的基本含义和用法的选择。
【真题链接】
--- I think I’ll give Bob a ring.
---You _____. You haven’t been in touch with him for ages. （2006江苏卷年）
A. will B. may C. have to D. should
【解析】答案为D should在这里表示劝告。
Some aspects of a pilot’s job be boring，and pilots often work at inconvenient hours. （2006年湖南卷）
A. can；have to B. may；can
C. have to；may D. ought to；must
【解析】答案为A本题主要考查情态动词的用法。“飞行员工作的某些方面可能乏味，而且飞行员不得不经常在不方便的时候工作。”第一空表示“可能”可以填can或may而第二空表示“客观上不得不”只能填have to 。
Tom, you _________ leave all your clothes on the floor like this! （2005年全国卷）
A. wouldn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. may not
【解析】答案为B此题考查情态动词的否定用法。mustn’t表示禁止、不允许。此句意为：汤姆，你不能像这样把所有的衣服扔在地上。
2. 对情态动词表示推测时的考查：
情态动词表示推测时的选择应用，对大部分同学来说应该是个难点，不容易掌握，希望同学们能够引起重视。情态动词must, will, would, ought to, should, may, might都有推测性用法，其可能性程度按其排列顺序由强到弱，可以翻译成：“肯定，会，应该，可能”等字眼。这些词语通常用于肯定句中，否定句和疑问句中用can或could.这些词语本身不表达过去时态，如要表达时态用其后面的动词结构。
注意：can也可以在肯定句中表示可能性，但这种可能性往往具有一般性，说话人是按常理在进行推测。而may, could则是根据说话人当时的具体情况进行推测。
【真题链接】
---There’s no light on.
---They _______ be at home. （2006年全国卷I）
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
【解析】答案为A此题考查情态动词的用法。这里情态动词can（否定形式can’t）后面跟动词原形表示对现在的动作或状态的推测。
---Is Jack on duty today?
---It ________ be him. It’s his turn tomorrow. （2006年四川卷）
A. mustn’t B. won’t C. can，t D. needn’t
【解析】答案为C此题考查情态动词的用法。这里情态动词can（否定形式can’t）后面跟动词原形表示对现在的动作或状态的推测。
3. 对情态动词完成体用法的考查：
“情态动词＋have＋过去分词”这一特殊结构在近几年高考试题中经常出现，这应该引起足够的重视，现分述如下：
（1）should＋have done表示应该做某事却没有做；
shouldn’t＋have＋done则表示不该做的事却做了。在这里ought to也可以代替should;
（2）could＋have done表示本来可能，但却未发生的动作或事件
couldn’t＋have＋done则表示本来不可能但已发生的动作或事件；
（3）may/might＋have done表示过去本来可以干某事而没有干；
（4）needn’t＋have done表示没必要做，但已经做了。
【真题链接】
The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I _________ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me.（2006年江西）
A. should have taken B. could have taken
C. needn’t have taken D. mustn’t have taken
【解析】答案为C。句意：结果昨天天气很好，我本没有必要很麻烦地带着伞去。
He paid for a seat，when he _________ have entered free.（2005年山东卷）
A. could B. would C. must D. need
解析：答案为A could have＋动词ed形式表示“（过去）本来可以，但是没有”。根据题干可看出此处句意为“他本来可以免费入场”，因此应用could have done。
Mr. White __________ at 8：30 for the meeting, but he did not show up. （2004年全国卷）
A. should have arrived B. should arrive
C. should have had arrived D. should be arriving
【解析】答案为A “should＋have＋过去分词”表示本来应该做而没有做。所提供的情景but he did not show up说明他本来应该在8:30来开会，但是没有来。
4. 对情态动词在虚拟语气中运用的考查：
众所周知，虚拟语气是高考中的热点之一，更是令众多考生头疼的复习难点之一。而在考查虚拟语气的用法时，往往会涉及到情态动词在里面的综合考查。
【真题链接】
If it were not for the fact that she _________ sing. I would invite her to the party. （2006年福建卷）
A. couldn’t B. shouldn’t C. can’t D. might not
【解析】答案为C本题结构为与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。fact后面跟的是同位语从句。句意：若不是因为她不能唱歌，我就邀请她参加聚会了。
If I __________ plan to do anything I wanted to do，I’d like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible. （2005年湖北卷）
A. would B. could C. had to D. ought to
【解析】答案为B此题考查虚拟语气的用法。从整个句子的含义可以判断“If”引导的从句必须用虚拟语气。
（二）“情态动词＋动词完成体”表推测的用法
“情态动词＋动词完成体”表示对过去已发生事情的推测。
例句：Surely she can’t have arrived so early.
她当然不可能这么早来。
Tom must have gone home.
汤姆一定已经回家了。
You could/might have some fever.
你可能有点发烧。
【真题链接】
We __________ have proved great adventurers，but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years.（2006年天津）
A. needn’t B. may not C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t
【解析】答案为B may（not） have done表示对过去的可能性的推测，意思是“本（不）可能做某事”。
---Tom graduated from college at a very young age.
---Oh，he __________ have been a very smart boy then.（2004年）
A could B. should C. might D must
【解析】答案为D。句意： Tom年纪轻轻的就大学毕业了。他当时肯定是个很聪明的孩子。must have done是对过去的肯定推测。
【模拟试题】
单项选择
1. Hunger is _____ number on
A. the, the, / B. a, the, / C. the, / , / D. a, a, a
2. Food aid______ is the key to______ the problem _______ now.
A. on
C. merely, solving, being discussed D. alone, solve, being discussed
3. The government have realized the use the returnees make ______ the experience and skills ________while living abroad.
A. of, gained B. of, gain C. for, gained D. up, gain
4. Which of the following sentences is right in grammar?
A. If these things develop, jobs will be created for people, allowing them to help themselves instead of dependent on other people.
B. Such students are returning because they’re contracted to work for their sponsors on completing their education.
C. Alternative energy can be used without being running out.
D. People my age prefer staying warm inside with a cup of cocoa to wander the street in the cold weather.
5. ----Do you enjoy your stay in here?
----Yes. A beautiful autumn day ___________ the wet summer we have had.
A. became aware of B. took advantage of
C. accounted for D. compensated for
6. Geldof intended the concert ________money for those suffering from the earthquake, which_______ 2000 lives.
A. to maintain, claimed B. to raise, claimed C. to collect, killed D. to raise, kill
7. People have become aware ______the fact that carbon dioxide, poison _____the environment, contributes_____ air pollution.
A. of, to, to B. about, /, to C. of, /, of D. about, for, to
8. The people had to _______ the new rulers when they lost the war.
A. take to B. cater to C. submit to D. lead to
9. Which “where” of the following sentences is used wrong?
A. Wind turbines are placed 30 metres above the ground, where there’s a lot of wind.
B. I have to go where the biggest companies are because I want to be a top accountant.
C. The children’s parents were not told where their children had gone.
D. ---Where did you meet Mr Zhang for the first time?
---It was in the factory where my father worked in 20 years ago.
10. People ran out __________ as fire tore through the building.
A. with vain B. in rags C. with on
11. Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class ______ he had to meet his uncle at the airport.
A. why B. that C. where D. because
12. Some students ____________admitting they were ______ computer games.
A. resisted, hooked on B. accepted, addicted to
C. distributed, involved in D. refused, devoted to
13. --- Shall I give you a ride since you live so far away?
----Thank you. ______.
A. Of course you can B. It couldn’t be better
C. If you like D. If you are convenient
14. There will be a live _____ of the Women World Cup _______over 200 countries.
A. access, to B. transmission, to C. spread, to D. subscription, to
15. Tom likes sitting close to TV, so his parents try to _______ him_______ the bad habit.
A. treat, of B. treat, with C. cure, of D. cure, with
完形填空
Certainly dustmen prefer to be known as “Reuse Collection and Disposal Officers”（垃圾回收处理官员）.You may think that this is rather 16 , and it is better to call a spade a spade. But dustmen can be as 17 as people of any other occupation（职业）,though we must 18 that their job is not a 19 on
Recently, the dustmen of England went on strike for higher wages. During the first few days it was regarded as a 26 . But when the first two weeks had passed, and the dustbins were overflowing in nearly every backyard in the country, the joke did not seem so 27 any more. 28 the strike continued, people could not 29 the hills of rubbish around their dustbins, and they looked for other places in which to 30 it. Even Leicester Square, in the heart of West End of London, was 31 high with plastic bags full of smelly rubbish. This was a（n） 32 attraction that the people of London were not at all 33 to see. Even when the strike was over, it took several weeks for the country to get cleaned up completely. Perhaps now the English people 34 the work of their dustmen rather more 35 and won’t take them for granted any more.
16. A. clever B. silly C. interesting D. reasonable
17. A. sensitive B. careless C. hopeful D. shy
18. A. realize B. believe C. know D. admit
19. A. necessary B. difficult C. romantic D. heavy
20. A. away B. up C. down D. in
21. A. existence B. presence C. absence D. performance
22. A. cleaned B. filled C. emptied D. burned
23. A. generally B. frequently C. sometimes D. seldom
24. A. take away B. take off C. take up D. take on
25. A. society B. citizen C. public D. community
26. A. trick B. joke C. trouble D. show
27. A. pleasing B. excited C. stupid D. funny
28. A. When B. While C. As D. Because
29. A. bear B. contain C. manage D. control
30. A. keep off B. give up C. take care of D. get rid of
31. A. crowded B. piled C. fixed D. put
32. A. business B. industrial C. tourist D. agricultural
33. A. disappointed B. serious C. nervous D. happy
34. A. like B. recognize C. find D. appreciate
35. A. highly B. eagerly C. differently D. entirely
阅读理解
A
A caring mother is the single most imp
“These findings suggest that living with both parents may prevent drug use.” said Dr. McArdle of Newcastle University in northern England, who led the study. “They also suggest that attachment（感情眷念），particularly to mothers，is a more effective factor and that this is truly across cultures and substances.”
The report, which is published in the journal Addiction, involved nearly 4,000 teenagers in England, Ireland, Italy, Germany and the Netherlands. They were questioned about their use of several kinds of drugs and alcohol. The teenagers also filled in questionnaires about their relationship with their parents and grandparents, how well they were supervised（监护）after school and whether they were allowed to meet friends at home.
“Both the quality of family relationships and the structure of families have significant influences on youth drug use,” McArdle said in a statement. But he added a strong maternal bond offered the greatest protection against developing drug habits.
The rate of drug abuse among teenagers living with both parents and who had a good relationship with their mother was 16.6 percent. If either factor was missing ,the drug abuse rate rose to 32 percent. More than 42 percent of teenagers living in on
Drug prevention campaigns in British schools and on television warn teenagers about the danger of drugs and alcohol but McArdle said no on
36. The phrase“maternal bond”appears twice in this passage. Guess its meaning.
A. 物质的奖励 B. 母亲的约束 C. 法律的制裁 D. 学校的指导
37. According to McArdle, which is most likely to have the drug abuse problem?
A. 16-year-old Tom from a happy big family.
B.17-year-old Kate supervised by her single mother.
C. 18-year-old Juliet living with her single father.
D.19-year-old Mark cared by his parents.
38. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A. Teenagers with both parents won’t have the drug use problem.
B. Teenagers from several countries filled in the questionnaire.
C. Teenagers were asked about their relationship with parents.
D. Teenagers in British schools are warned against drugs abuse.
39. The last paragraph suggests that________________.
A. schools should answer for the drug problem
B. television and media are to blame
C. parents and the society are responsible for the drug problem
D. mothers are the cause of youth drug use
B
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B. telephone calls made by tourists
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41. If you don’t like sharing a room with others, you have to pay__________.
A. ￥12,000 B. ￥10,000 C. ￥2,000 D. ￥14,000
42. If you like to visit historical sites, which of the following is your best choice?
A. Amalfi. B. Sant’ Agata. C. Pompeii. D. Sorrento.
43. Who is the advertisement intended for?
A. Potential tourists. B. College students. C. Quiet people. D. Old people.
【试题答案】
单项选择
1-5 ABABD 6-10 BACDD 11-15 BABBC
完型填空
16-20 BADCB 21-25 ACDAC 26-30 BDCAD 31-35 BCDDA
阅读理解
36-39 BCAC 40- 43 BDCA
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